A smarter way to build and maintain heavy-duty parking lots
When you plan or purchase a commercial truck parking lot, you need it to perform reliably year after year. Issues like potholes, rutting, and poor drainage are more than cosmetic. They disrupt operations, increase maintenance costs, and shorten the lifespan of the lot.
Fully loaded trucks, frequent turning, and long parking times create constant stress on the surface. Traditional asphalt or aggregate designs often struggle under these conditions, which can lead to repairs much sooner than expected.
The GEOWEB® Soil Stabilization System addresses these challenges from the start by reinforcing the base so the surface stays stable and your yard remains operational.
The challenge for truck parking areas
Commercial truck parking areas experience extreme loads, tight turning, and long dwell times. Traditional asphalt or aggregate surfaces often fail under these conditions, which leads to higher upkeep and disruption.
Constant pressure from heavy trucks
Turning movements that grind and displace materials
Soft subgrades that shift and settle over time
The need to manage stormwater without sacrificing performance
Many lots appear to perform well after construction but begin developing costly problems within a few seasons.
The GEOWEB System solution
The GEOWEB system reinforces the base layer with a three-dimensional honeycomb-like structure that confines aggregate and spreads loads over a larger area. The result is a stable surface that resists deformation and reduces required pavement and base depths.
Key benefits for commercial truck parking
Pavement and base thickness reduced by up to 50 percent
Longer-lasting surfaces with fewer repairs
Significant reduction or elimination of potholes and rutting
Options for permeable or impermeable designs to manage stormwater
Faster installation with minimal equipment
Where it works
Commercial truck stops, rest areas, and travel centers
Long-haul and overnight parking lots
Trailer drop yards and staging areas
Distribution centers and fleet yards
Bus and utility vehicle parking
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Remote wind farm projects often face challenging site conditions, including soft soils, steep terrain, and limited access to construction materials. Building reliable infrastructure in these environments requires solutions that are both technically sound and environmentally sustainable.
Soil Stabilization Solutions for Wind Farm Roads & Platforms with GEOWEB® Geocells
The GEOWEB Soil Stabilization System offers a proven approach for creating stable access roads, crane pads, and work platforms in challenging environments. The three-dimensional geocell structure confines and distributes loads effectively, reducing stress on subgrades. This minimizes the need for over-excavation and decreases reliance on imported aggregate, making it a cost-effective and environmentally responsible choice.
Building Access Roads, Crane Pads, and Work Platforms Over Soft Soils
The GEOWEB Geocells are ideal for areas with soft or saturated soils where traditional methods may be costly or prone to failure. The system allows for the use of locally available fill, reduces hauling needs, and supports heavy loads without rutting or base failure. This makes it an ideal solution for stabilizing access routes and critical lift zones during turbine installation.
Long-Term Performance in Cold Climates and Snowy Conditions
In cold climates and snowy regions, GEOWEB Geocells maintain structural integrity and promote drainage. This helps prevent surface degradation, reduces long-term maintenance, and keeps essential access points operational during harsh weather conditions.
Supporting Sustainable Development in Remote Wind Farms
These types of site conditions are common in renewable projects across Canada and the northern U.S., including recent developments like the Mesgi’g Ugju’s’n 2 (MU2) Wind Farm in Quebec. Located in the Gaspésie region and developed in partnership with Mi’gmaq communities, the project highlights the importance of building durable, low-impact infrastructure that supports both environmental goals and long-term performance in remote areas.
Funded in part by the Canada Infrastructure Bank, the MU2 project reflects the growing trend toward Indigenous-led renewable energy development. With remote terrain, cold weather, and sustainability goals in focus, this type of project represents the real-world demand for smarter infrastructure solutions like GEOWEB Geocells.
Get a Free Project Evaluation and Value Engineered Recommendation for Your Wind Project
If your team is planning or supporting a wind energy project in similar conditions, our in-house engineering team can provide project support to help you meet performance and sustainability goals with value engineered solutions designed for challenging environments. The GEOWEB geocells have an Environmental Product Declaration so you may build with quality materials you trust, knowing their life cycle impact.
Dams and Spillways Are a Critical Part of U.S. Infrastructure
With over 91,000 structures nationwide, dams and spillways are essential for controlling flooding, water distribution, and providing hydroelectric power. However, these structures cannot last forever. The average age of dams and spillways in the U.S. is now 61 years, which is significantly over the typical 50-year lifespan of these structures. Aging infrastructure can lead to serious consequences if safety precautions are not taken or measures are not implemented to address identified problems promptly. Continual inspection and upkeep are crucial for any dam manager.
The 2025 Infrastructure Report Card by the American Society of Civil Engineers upgraded the condition of U.S. dams from a “D” to a “D+”, reflecting modest improvements but still highlighting the critical need for ongoing repairs and maintenance. State and federal regulations provide a framework for assessing and maintaining dam and spillway structures, requiring at least yearly audit inspections to identify areas needing repair or replacement. Performing these repairs can help extend the lifetime of dams, maintaining essential services without excessive costs or increased failure potential.
Understanding Areas of Concern for Existing Structures
The vast majority of America’s rivers and lakes have existing dams and spillways, and as such, very few new structures are being built. With new construction, safety measures can be incorporated during the design phase to extend the lifetime of the project and help prevent failures. The true threat is with existing structures that have gone past their intended lifetimes or have seen areas of potential failure.
A recent example of the potential for catastrophic damage due to a dam failure is the 2017 Oroville Dam crisis in Northern California. Extremely heavy rainfall over a number of days raised the level of Lake Oroville, increasing the flow over the main spillway to above-average levels. Almost immediately, damage was observed in the lower half of the spillway, with a large section of the concrete path collapsing. The emergency spillway was utilized to help prevent further damage to the main spillway; however, excessive erosion occurred to the emergency spillway path, and emergency repairs were subsequently required to address damage in both spillway areas.
Further damage occurred when more rainfall increased the lake level yet again, including blocking the downstream river and requiring the immediate shutdown of the Oroville hydroelectric power plant. Luckily, total collapse of the dam did not occur, but more than 180,000 residents of the Feather River Basin were required to evacuate for multiple days, and over the next year, more than 1,000 people worked more than 2 million hours to rebuild the spillways to ensure the safety of downstream communities.
With federal funding support from the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (2021), states have access to resources for upgrading aging dams and spillways before failures occur. For example, the Oroville Dam crisis in 2017 followed the rejection of a 2005 proposal to build a concrete emergency spillway — an upgrade that could have prevented the damage.
Re-evaluating existing structures to ensure they can withstand 100-year and 500-year flood events remains essential. Regular maintenance of upstream and downstream dam faces, spillways, and even work pads and access roads supports safety by enabling faster inspections and repairs. These proactive steps help extend the lifespan of critical infrastructure and reduce the risk of costly emergencies.
GEOWEB® Geocells Are a Repair Solution for Dams and Spillway Sites
GEOWEB geocells offer long-term solutions for common dam and spillway challenges. Geocells function as the support structure for unpaved roadways, capable of supporting maintenance and repair vehicles. They also function as surface erosion control solutions, preventing the formation of rills or the collapse of unstable soils due to water flow, wave action, and storm events.
GEOWEB geocells can be placed on the upstream face of a dam structure to mitigate the effects of wave action on the dam, supporting existing riprap areas, or replacing them entirely with vegetation, gravel, or concrete. The flexibility of the GEOWEB system allows for the use of mixed infill materials, such as topsoil above normal water levels for grass growth and small aggregate below the water level for erosion prevention. Comprised of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), GEOWEB geocells are formulated for long term durability to resist weathering, chemical attack, and ultraviolet radiation, and are therefore suitable for use in applications where the material will be subjected to cyclic wetting and drying, permanently submerged, or full sun exposure. The material is not prone to degradation or corrosion due to environmental factors and can be placed on the downstream face or within a spillway structure. The system is also compatible with concrete infill to accommodate extremely high flow velocities. For comparison, Table 1 summarizes allowable velocities and shear stresses for various channel lining alternatives.
In emergency spillway areas, topsoil infill with vegetation can be used to allow for a natural camouflaged look, while still preventing erosion and uncontrolled water flow, and outperforming traditional unreinforced channel lining alternatives.
Staging areas and maintenance roads are also integral parts of a dam site, and when necessary, these features provide vital access and adequate ground support for vehicles and heavy equipment to perform inspections, routine maintenance, and repairs. The GEOWEB system can be used in a variety of load support applications, including unpaved access roads, laydown areas, and parking lots. Reinforcing these roads means significantly reduced maintenance requirements, reduced rutting, and access to areas that might otherwise be unable to support heavy loads due to soft soil conditions. Minimizing stresses on top of dam structures is critically important to preventing the formation of cracks or slumps within the structure that could lead to failure. The GEOWEB road system can be integrated with the slope protection system on the upstream and downstream faces of the dam for a continuously protected berm from water, vehicle, and impact loads.
Design Support & Resources for the GEOWEB System Applications
The engineering team at Presto Geosystems works closely with engineers and project planners, offering free project evaluation services and on-site support. Our recommendations will deliver a technically sound, cost-effective solution based on four decades of accredited research and testing data. Please contact our knowledgeable staff and network of qualified distributors and representatives to discuss your project needs today.
United States Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service, (2007) Part 654 Stream Restoration Design, National Engineering Handbook, Chapter 8, Threshold Channel Design, (viewed 23 March 2022 and available https://directives.sc.egov.usda.gov/OpenNonWebContent.aspx?content=17784.wba as a link directly to Chapter 8). “Allowable velocity and shear stress for selected lining materials” referenced from 8-37.
The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) recently released their quadrennial Infrastructure Report Card. America’s infrastructure earned an overall grade of C, which is a minor improvement over 2021’s grade of C-minus and the highest grade received since the report card’s inception in 1998. While the report card is trending in the right direction, we are not quite ready to hang it on the fridge.
There is still a lot of work and investment required to make up for decades of underinvestment and deferred maintenance, especially as climate change, population growth, and aging systems continue to place added stress on our infrastructure. Without sustained funding, strategic planning, and public-private collaboration, many critical systems — from levees and roads to drinking water and stormwater management — will remain vulnerable and inefficient.
The report card assesses and assigns grades to 18 categories of American infrastructure, including Bridges, Energy, Ports, Rail, Roads, and Stormwater. Half of the categories received a grade in the “D” range. This means that the civil engineers who evaluated these categories determined that the infrastructure is “poor, at risk.” According to the report card, this is, “…a clear sign that more needs to be done to improve the health of America’s built environment.”
Categories that received a grade in the “D” range include Dams, Energy, Levees, Roads, Schools, Stormwater, Transit, and Wastewater. These systems are critical to the overall health and wellbeing of our communities, and vital to commerce and economic stability at local, regional, and national levels.
Solutions to Improve America’s Infrastructure Grade
The 2025 Infrastructure Report Card underscores that while recent progress is promising, significant challenges remain. Federal investment through landmark legislation like the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (IIJA) and the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) has helped reverse decades of stagnation, but the work is far from done. According to ASCE’s 2024 Bridging the Gap study, an additional $2.9 trillion is still needed across 11 infrastructure sectors to reach and maintain a state of good repair — a level that would earn a “B” on the Report Card.
Closing this investment gap won’t just result in higher grades, but it will also create tangible economic relief for American families. If Congress maintains recent funding levels, the average household could save $700 annually by avoiding the hidden costs of failing infrastructure, such as delays, emergency repairs, and increased utility and transportation expenses.
Meanwhile, climate-related threats continue to intensify. Infrastructure systems, particularly aging roads, levees, dams, and water networks, face mounting risks from flooding, hurricanes, wildfires, and extreme temperatures. Investing in resilience now means fewer rebuilds later, and more reliable infrastructure to support economic growth and public safety.
Building Resilient Infrastructure with Geosynthetics
The future success of many infrastructure projects depends on the strength of the underlying soil. Through an interconnected honeycomb-like network, 3D geocells confine and stabilize soils that would otherwise be unstable under loading. The GEOWEB® 3D Soil Stabilization System is the industry’s first and most complete geocell system, designed with fully engineered components to withstand the most challenging site conditions. These accessories are engineered for strength, fast installs, and reliable long-term performance.
Whether used for load support, channel protection, slope stabilization, stormwater management, or retaining wall systems, the GEOWEB system enables cost-effective, low-maintenance infrastructure that stands up to environmental stresses. Its flexible design and engineered accessories ensure fast installation and long-term performance, even under challenging conditions.
At Presto Geosystems, we support engineers and project owners with free project evaluation assistance and technical guidance from project start through construction.
With the commercialization of geocell soil confinement technology in the early 1980s, Presto Geosystems made history as one of the early pioneers in the world of geosynthetics. Over four decades later, that innovative spirit is as alive today as it was at the beginning of our journey. Presto Geosystems, the leader in geocell technology, announces the publication of the industry´s first Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) for geocells. This milestone reinforces Presto Geosystems’ ongoing commitment to reliable infrastructure and environmental quality.
What is an Environmental Product Declaration?
An EPD is a transparent, objective report that communicates what a product is made of and how it impacts the environment across its entire life cycle. The EPD, based on rigorous life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, provides a comprehensive overview of the environmental impacts associated with the production, use, and disposal of Presto Geosystems’ GEOWEB® geocell system. This independent declaration includes key metrics such as carbon dioxide performance, energy consumption, and natural resource usage, all of which are vital factors influencing the overall environmental footprint of soil stabilization and erosion control solutions in civil and structural applications.
The EPD follows established international standards, including ISO 14025, lending to the credibility and consistency of the environmental data.
This initiative aligns with parent company Reynolds Consumer Product’s Sustainability commitments for Green Circle certification and efforts to improve documentation for environmental impact, and to reduce emissions, CO2e, and waste.
By providing detailed environmental impact information, Presto Geosystems is empowering engineers, consultants, architects, and project owners to make choices that align with their sustainability goals.
The EPD for the GEOWEB system is now available for download here >>
Patented GEOWEB Geocell System
Our patented GEOWEB Soil Stabilization System been installed on thousands of projects in every geographic region in the world and is the only geocell technology that has stood the test of time for over 40 years.
For more information, contact: JP George, MS, CPESC-IT
Business Manager, Presto Geosystems [email protected] | +1-920-475-7957
According to the U.S. Geological Survey’s (USGS) 2025 Mineral Commodity Summaries, the U.S. remains import-reliant for many critical minerals, with China controlling production for over two-thirds of these resources. NMA President & CEO Rich Nolan states, “We could be producing most of these minerals here at home—under world-leading environmental, labor and safety standards”.
Projects like Perpetua Resources’ Idaho gold project could supply up to 35% of the U.S. annual demand for antimony, demonstrating the potential for revitalized domestic mining.
Innovations in Mining & Mineral Processing
Technological advancements are driving sustainable mining operations:
Argonne National Lab is developing methods to make more batteries with fewer materials, reducing reliance on foreign sources. Jeff Spangenberger from Argonne hopes to make “more efficient use of critical materials in domestic battery supply chains so that the U.S. can rely less on other countries to achieve its clean energy goals”.
The World Economic Forum’s Energy Transition Innovationsreport highlights groundbreaking technologies such as:
The Helios Cycle: A closed-loop sodium system that eliminates CO2
Kofiln’s Exothermic Copper Processing: A method that significantly reduces SO2
Innovative Soil Stabilization for Mining Operations
Beyond advancements in mineral extraction, innovations in soil stabilization are enhancing efficiency and safety in the mining industry. The GEOWEB geocells provide three-dimensional confinement and strengthening of infill, delivering:
increased speed of operation,
lower maintenance,
safer installation, and
a lower total cost of ownership.
Developed by Presto Geosystems, the original inventors of geocell technology, the GEOWEB geocells have been made in the USA for over 45 years. Their proven applications in the mining sector include:
Haul Roads & Site Access Roads – Providing stability over soft ground, both above and below grade.
Stormwater Containment & Channel Armoring – Controlling and containing runoff while protecting environmental barriers.
Mine Slope & Site Reclamation – Stabilization slopes for long-term restoration.
GEOWEB Geocells Proven Performance in Large-Scale Mining Applications
North Antelope Rochelle Mine (WY): The world’s largest coal mine by reserves relies on GEOWEB geocell-reinforced roads to withstand the demands of 400-ton payload ultra-class haul trucks. View project photos and case study >>
As a leader in geocell technology, Presto Geosystems integrates over 40 years of accredited research and testing to ensure structural integrity and cost-effective solutions. Our in-house engineering team applies research findings to develop practical, real-world applications for the mining industry.
Get a Free Project Evaluation
Are you looking for a reliable, long-term stabilization solution for your mining operation? Our Free Project Evaluation service offers expert recommendations tailored to your specific needs.
Innovative Site Solutions for Civil Engineering and Construction Projects
When faced with challenging site conditions—whether it’s weak soils, steep slopes, or erosion-prone channels—finding an efficient, long-term solution that minimizes maintenance is essential. Geocells offer just that. These innovative cellular confinement systems (CCS) are a proven solution for load support, retaining walls, slope stabilization, and channel protection applications. Geocells not only improve soil stability but also contribute to eco-friendly, sustainable project designs.
Geocells are three-dimensional, honeycomb-like structures typically made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE). By confining and reinforcing infill materials like soil/vegetation, sand, gravel or concrete, geocells create a stable, load-bearing surface. This cellular system prevents soil movement and erosion, making geocells a versatile solution for stabilizing weak soils and supporting structures such as roads, retaining walls, slopes, and channels.
How Geocells Work
The core function of geocells is to create a grid of interconnected cells that confine and stabilize infill materials. This CCS strengthens the underlying soil and distributes loads more evenly, preventing the movement of infill under pressure. In load support applications—such as roads, parking areas, or driveways—geocells act like a semi-rigid slab.
The geocell structure increases the load distribution angle and spreads vertical stresses over a larger area, which is commonly referred to as the mattress effect. This feature helps stabilize weak subgrades and prevents surface deformation, such as rutting or differential settlement, under heavy loads.
Key Benefits of Geocells
Soil Stabilization for Weak Subgrades: Geocells are designed to stabilize soils that would otherwise shift or settle under loading. By confining infill materials, geocells create a firm, stable base that can support the demands of roadways, heavy-duty parking lots, or other infrastructure projects. The mattress effect further enhances this stabilization, ensuring that vertical stresses are distributed across a wider area, reducing the likelihood of differential settlement or deformation over time.
Erosion Control for Slopes and Channels: On slopes and in channels prone to erosion, geocells help prevent soil from washing away during rainstorms or high-flow events. The cellular structure holds soil in place, creating long-term stability and reducing maintenance needs.
Sustainable and Eco-Friendly: By allowing the use of locally sourced infill, geocells reduce the need for imported materials and minimize the environmental footprint of a project. Their permeable design also promotes natural water infiltration, helping manage stormwater and reduce runoff.
Cost-Effective with Minimal Maintenance: Geocells are a cost-effective solution for stabilizing weak soils and preventing erosion. Their simple installation process and long-lasting performance mean reduced material costs upfront and less maintenance over time.
Common Applications for Geocells
Load Support: Geocells stabilize unpaved roads, parking areas, and other surfaces by evenly distributing loads, which prevents differential settlement and rutting.
Slope Stabilization: On steep embankments, geocells hold soil in place, reducing erosion while allowing vegetation to take root for natural reinforcement.
Retaining Walls: Geocells offer a flexible alternative to rigid retaining walls, adapting to natural shifts in the landscape and soft sub grade soils while maintaining soil retention.
Channel Protection: Geocells reinforce the bed and banks of stormwater channels, reducing erosion and ensuring long-term stability, even in high-flow conditions.
Introducing GEOWEB® Geocells: The Original Cellular Confinement System
While geocells are becoming widely used today, GEOWEB Geocells stand out as the original and most advanced system on the market. Presto Geosystems, in collaboration with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, pioneered the development of geocells in the late 1970s to address the need for reliable soil stabilization solutions in military and civil applications. This collaboration resulted in the invention of the GEOWEB system, which continues to lead the industry in performance and innovation over the past 40 years.
GEOWEB Geocells are made from high-quality, virgin HDPE, which offers superior strength, flexibility, and long-lasting durability compared to other systems. This ensures that the GEOWEB Geocells can withstand harsh elements and challenging conditions, whether it’s in load-bearing applications or erosion control projects.
The GEOWEB system is a complete geocell system, including ATRA® Accessories such as ATRA Connection Keys, ATRA Anchors, ATRA Tendon Clip, and the ATRA Driver. These components are designed to enhance installation efficiency and long-term performance, providing fast, secure connections that ensure the structural integrity of the entire system.
Comprehensive Construction Services, Engineering Support, and Free Project Evaluations
At Presto Geosystems, our commitment goes beyond providing high-quality products. We offer on-site field assistance, engineering support, and free project evaluations. Our team works with you at every stage, from initial project evaluation assistance to on-site installation support, helping you achieve the best results for your specific project challenges.
Written By: Samantha Justice, P.E., Bryan Wedin, P.E.
Geocells provide one of the most powerful solutions available to engineers and contractors when designing and constructing roadways over soft and weak subgrades. With a successful track record of over 40 years, geocells have proven effective in load support applications over challenging conditions. If you’ve ever wondered how geocells work in load support applications – and the relationship between lateral confinement, hoop stress and wall tension – you’ve come to the right place.
Geocells are used to alter vertical stresses beneath an applied cyclical load. When a vertical, cyclical load is applied over geocells, active earth pressures develop in the loaded cell. These pressures arise due to the friction between the infill material and the cell wall. This friction pushes back against the passive earth pressure in the adjacent cells, helping to support the load. Refer to Figure 1. The balance of active and passive earth pressures activates the hoop stress in the cell walls, which increases the stiffness and bearing capacity of infill material. The infill material is confined within the individual cells with no chance of displacement, or lateral or vertical spreading and the result is increased stiffness. In effect, geocells behave more like three-dimensional structures or a semi-rigid slab by increasing the load distribution angle and spreading the vertical stresses over a larger area which is commonly referred to as the mattress effect.
Figure 1
An enhanced woven geotextile separation layer is typically provided under the geocell system and works in conjunction to provide additional load distribution along with filtration, separation, and controlled drainage. With the enhanced woven geotextile, it is possible to construct over extremely weak subgrades with standard penetration resistance (SPT-N) values less than 2 blows per foot (CBR < 0.5%), where planar geosynthetics, such as geogrids, would otherwise fail.
How Does Hoop Stress and Wall Tension Relate to Lateral Confinement?
Hoop stresses develop within the cell walls as earth pressures increase in response to an applied load at ground surface. In other words, the same earth pressures responsible for developing interface friction between the geocell and the infill material also result in hoop stresses with the cell walls. Although not perfectly cylindrical, geocells can be envisioned to behave similarly to an interconnected network of pressurized cylinders, wherein hoop stresses are a function of the net pressure that develops due to the internal and external pressures acting in and around each cell.
In this manner, radial pressures that develop within each cell are resisted by those that develop in the adjacent cells, and hoop stresses may be estimated using the classic equation for hoop stress for a pressurized thin-wall cylindrical vessel:
σH = pnet*(D/2t)
Where,
σH = hoop stress
pnet = net pressure = pi – pe
pi= internal pressure
pe = external pressure
D = geocell diameter
t = wall thickness
The active earth pressure in a loaded cell below a cyclical load can be calculated using the Boussinesq stress equation. The interaction between hoop stresses and passive earth resistance in geocell systems was investigated by Emersleben (2009) and observed that lateral pressures in adjacent cells decrease exponentially with increasing distance from the actively loaded, or “source” cell(s) – in effect, defining a pressure gradient. Based on Emersleben’s findings, it is possible to evaluate the net earth pressure that develops between the interior and the exterior of a cell wall, using the thickness of the cell wall as the distance between two points along the defined pressure gradient line. Refer to Figure 2.
Lateral Pressure vs Distance
Figure 2
The largest net earth pressures, and hoop stresses, occur in cells directly beneath the perimeter of the load footprint—the wheel contact area in the case of vehicle loads. Based on this, it is possible to estimate the maximum hoop stresses expected to develop in geocells in response to standard AASHTO load conditions.
Table 1 summarizes the estimated hoop stress and cell wall tensions developed under standard AASHTO load ratings for a 6-inch geocell-reinforced layer with a 2-inch wear surface. The calculated values assume a nominal 9.5-inch diameter geocell infilled with a granular material having an internal friction angle of 32 degrees and unit weight of 120 lbs/ft3.
Hoop Stress and Cell Wall Tension
AASHTO Load Rating
Wheel Load (lbs)
Tire Pressure (psi)
Hoop Stress (psi)
Cell Wall Tension (lbf)
AASHTO H/HS10
8,000
60
44
16
AASHTO H/HS15
12,000
85
63
23
AASHTO H/HS20
16,000
110
82
30
AASHTO H/HS25
20,000
125
96
34
Table 1
The corresponding tensile forces that develop under working load conditions are relatively modest due to the lateral confinement effect of the adjacent cells. When compared to the typical yield strength for most high-quality HDPE geocells, the above-referenced tensile forces are well within the elastic region for the material and any permanent deformation or “creep” over time is not expected, even when subject to cyclical traffic loads. Due to hoop stresses and earth pressures surrounding the loaded cells, there is no ability for the material to have any appreciable sustained deformation, and therefore, creep is not an issue.
The elastic response of the geocell-reinforced layer will ultimately be governed by the elastic properties of the infill material, and provided that suitable granular infill is used, the development of any significant strain in the cell walls will be heavily constrained by the effects of confinement of the granular material by the cell walls. The actual strain that develops in the cell wall will be significantly less than the amount of strain represented on a typical stress-strain curve generated from laboratory tests such as ISO 10319 or ASTM D4595 where samples are subjected to tensile forces in an unconfined state.
Development of hoop stress is essential for the proper engagement of the lateral confinement mechanism. Moreover, the ability to estimate hoop stresses under specific project circumstances can be useful as it allows engineers to develop a preliminary (and very conservative) understanding that tensile forces in the cell wall will remain within the elastic range for the material. It should be noted that many laboratory test methods such as ISO 10319 ignore the effects of confinement, and therefore, tend to overestimate strain levels that are outside of practical design conditions. Researchers who have completed laboratory and field test on geocells under applied loadings show that the strain in geocell walls is on the order of 0.2%. Evaluating material strength beyond reasonable strains is not relevant for sub grade reinforcement and the focus should be on strains less than 1.0%.
In general, provided the geocell is manufactured with a high-quality HDPE with a flexural storage modulus of at least 116 ksi (800 Mpa) and a 100-year durability rating (ISO 13438), the geocell can be expected to perform as intended throughout the service life of the project.
Written by: Cory Schneider, Business Development Manager
When contaminated material such as landfill waste or contaminated soil is encountered, there are typically two options available—removal of the material or placing a “cap” over it. In most cases, capping is the easier and more cost-effective of the two options. Caps serve to isolate the contaminated material, preventing people and wildlife from coming into contact with it.
Factors Influencing Landfill Cap Design
Landfill cap design for any particular site depends on many factors, including the type and quantity of contaminants, size of site, amount of rainfall, and future use of the area. It can consist of one or several of the following: asphalt or concrete, vegetative layer, drainage layer, and/or an impervious layer (geomembrane or compacted clay).
Preventing Slope Erosion with Advanced Geosynthetic Technology
When using vegetative covers, especially in sloped areas, one of the best ways to prevent long-term erosion of the cap is to confine the topsoil component using geosynthetics like the GEOWEB Soil Stabilization System (geocells). The GEOWEB Geocells, which are three-dimensional ultrasonically welded strips of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), create small pockets to hold soil in place. By doing so, the system prevents erosion or sloughing when the soil becomes saturated, thereby maintaining the integrity of the cap.
Understanding Superfund Sites
Superfund sites are contaminated areas that require a long-term response to clean up hazardous material contaminations. The federal government designates these sites, and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) leads the remediation efforts to ensure public safety and environmental protection.
Case Study: 68th Street Dump Superfund Site
One notable example of using the GEOWEB Geocells in a Superfund site is the 68th Street Dump in Baltimore, MD. This project involved capping 51,000 square feet of landfill with slopes up to 60 feet high ranging from 3:1 to 1.5:1. Slopes flatter than 3:1 were deemed to not be at risk of significant erosion, and therefore, no geosynthetics were used on them. The solution effectively stabilized the topsoil, met EPA guidelines requiring a 12-inch cover, and ensured long-term erosion control and environmental safety.
In 2007, North Carolina established the Pre-Regulatory Landfill Unit within the Inactive Hazardous Sites Branch to address pre-1983 non-industrial landfills and dumps (any land area on which municipal solid waste disposal occurred before January 1, 1983). A tax of $2 per ton on municipal solid waste and construction and demolition debris was imposed to fund the program.
As part of the program, the team published a comprehensive document outlining Unit procedures for completing assessments and implementing remedial action plans. This document includes acceptable procedures and products for dealing with pre-regulatory landfills. Specifically, the document lists GEOWEB Geocells as an approved product for creating soil cover “caps” at these landfills.
Case Study: Franklinton County Landfill
Another example of the GEOWEB Geocells in action is the Franklinton County Landfill in North Carolina. This project involved installing 102,810 square feet of 4-inch GEOWEB GW30V (mid-sized geocell) over 8-ounce nonwoven geotextile fabric, filled with about 2,320 tons of structural fill and 2,500 tons of topsoil. The GEOWEB geocell panels were connected with ATRA® Keys and secured with Woven Polyester Tendons and ATRA® Tendon Clips.
Incorporating geosynthetics like the GEOWEB Geocells in landfill capping applications offers an effective solution for isolating contaminants, preventing erosion, and ensuring long-term environmental safety. These case studies demonstrate the practical benefits and successful implementations of these advanced materials in real-world scenarios.
The inaugural Railroad Crossing Elimination (RCE) grant program was designed to eliminate or improve roadway and railroad at-grade crossings, with the goal of making roads/rails safer while improving commute times for citizens.
According to the U.S. Department of Transportation website, “this program provides funding for highway-rail or pathway-rail grade crossing improvement projects that focus on improving the safety and mobility of people and goods.”
The grant program helps fund projects that involve:
repairing grade separations,
relocating tracks,
upgrading or improving protective devices, signals, or signs,
maintaining at-grade crossings, and more.
With safety as the top priority for the DOT, repairing and maintaining high-impact areas is critical so the potential for collisions or blockages can be prevented.
The GEOWEB® System stabilizes high-impact and crossing areas safely and quickly, limiting track downtime.
Areas subjected to heavy stresses at bridge approaches, diamonds, turn-outs, and crossings create the highest maintenance and safety liabilities for operations. The GEOWEB Soil Stabilization System (Geocells) is effective in reducing maintenance in these high impact areas.
The GEOWEB 3D Soil Confinement System has been successfully used by the railroad industry for over 40 years, helping to solve challenging soil stabilization problems for both new construction as well as railroad repair work. It is a proven and versatile ground improvement solution that is beneficial in soft soil environments and high-impact areas subjected to heavy stresses such as bridge approaches and crossings.
In at-grade crossing applications, the GEOWEB system is a three-dimensional geosynthetic that allows for the effective transfer of lateral earth pressures developed beneath applied loads to an interconnected network of honeycomb-like cells. As a result, stresses are reduced and distributed over a wider area through a phenomenon known as the mattress effect. The mattress effect reduces stress reaching the sub grade, and therefore, can mitigate the negative effects deflection and settlement.
For crossing applications, some of the key benefits of the GEOWEB System are identified below.
The 3D soil confinement technology creates a high-stiffness foundationunder the track that reduces vertical stresses, allowing for a reduction of the subballast section up to 50%.
The GEOWEB System’s confinement reduces ballast compression and displacement leading to a more stable track surface requiring less maintenance.
The GEOWEB System limits upward movement of ballast particles and significantly increases stability of the track.
The system is quick to deploy and install, limiting track downtime.
Moreover, as summarized in Table 1, the GEOWEB Soil Confinement System can be used to improve high-impact areas that may be susceptible to settlement and long-term stability issues.
Table 1: GEOWEB Geocell Advantages for High-Impact Areas
High-Impact Area
Challenge
GEOWEB Geocell Advantage
At-Grade Crossings
Prone to stresses from aggressive rail loads and high-volume traffic
Dissipate stresses to control settlement and reduce maintenance/repair costs
Road Crossings
Excessive braking and acceleration forces transferred through the crossing to the subgrade
Dissipate forces from traffic and rail while delivering a floating platform that absorbs the braking and acceleration forces
Bridge Abutments
High-impact loadings and settlement
Dissipate stresses to control settlement and reduce maintenance/repair costs
Railroad Scales
Scales require a very stable subgrade for accurate measurement
Strengthen scale areas with the GEOWEB 3D system for extra stability and accuracy; especially over soft subgrades
The result is a more durable subgrade that increases railway life by preventing long-term settlement and consolidation. The ability to quickly install the GEOWEB panels and limit the track downtime is a critical factor in maintenance and safety operations for the rail industry.
Presto Geosystems offers a free project evaluation service to evaluate the unique needs of each project. Our recommendations will deliver a structurally sound, cost-effective solution based on four decades of accredited research and testing data. Submit your RCE project evaluation today and take advantage of the Grant Funding Program.
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When using vegetative covers, especially in sloped areas, one of the best ways to prevent long-term erosion of the cap is to confine the topsoil component using geosynthetics like the 
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